What is the source of this Sanskrit verse?

This subhashitam is from Mahabharata (12.25.28).

What are the key themes of this verse?

The key themes of this subhashitam are: wisdom, realism, detachment, knowledge.

All Subhashitams Mahabharata

ये च मूढतमा लोके

Mahabharata12.25.28

ये च मूढतमा लोके ये च बुद्धेः परं गताः । त एव सुखमेधन्ते मध्यमः क्लिश्यते जनः ॥

मूढतमाःthe most foolish

बुद्धेः परम्beyond intellect

गताःgone to

एधन्तेthrive

मध्यमःmiddling

क्लिश्यतेsuffers

Only two kinds of people truly thrive in happiness: the utterly foolish and those who have transcended intellect. The middle folk, caught in between, always suffer.

wisdomrealismdetachmentknowledge

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संरोहत्यग्निना दग्धंA forest burned by fire or felled by the axe grows back again. But the terrible wound inflicted by harsh words never heals. (Bhishma to Yudhishthira)Mahabharata
द्वौ अम्भसि निवेष्टव्यौTwo kinds of people deserve to be drowned with a heavy stone tied around their necks: the wealthy man who does not give, and the poor man who makes no effort.Mahabharata
आहारनिद्राभयमैथुनं चEating, sleeping, fear, and procreation: these are common to both animals and humans. Dharma alone is the distinguishing quality of humans; without dharma, they are equal to animals.Mahabharata
परैः परिभवे प्राप्तेWhen facing insult from outsiders, we are one hundred and five together. But in mutual conflict, we are five and they are one hundred.Mahabharata

ये च मूढतमा लोके

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